The challenge of designing low-noise aircraft with open rotor engines drew the attention of European researchers. They looked at new configurations for the next generation of 'greener' and quieter aircraft promising low carbon emissions.
Open rotor engines refers to operating the aircraft propeller blades without a surrounding nacelle. These offer significant reductions in fuel consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, when it comes to noise, they struggle to match the reductions that have been achieved by turbofan engine technology.
Further details: New low-carbon, low-noise aircraft design